Ends With Diabetes

Diabetes

It is a chronic disease in which the body can not regulate the amount of sugar in the blood.

Ends With Diabetes

Causes

Insulin is a hormone produced by the pancreas to control blood sugar. Diabetes can be caused by too little insulin production, resistance to this or both.

To understand diabetes, it is important to first understand the normal process by which food is broken down and is used by the body for energy. Several things happen when food is digested:

A sugar called glucose enters the bloodstream. Glucose is a source of energy for the body.

An organ called the pancreas produces insulin. The role of insulin is to move glucose from the bloodstream into muscle, fat and liver cells, where it can be stored or used as energy.

Food and insulin release

People with diabetes have high blood sugar because their body can not move sugar from the blood into muscle and fat cells to burn it or store it as energy, and because the liver produces too much glucose and secreted into the blood. This is because:

The pancreas does not produce enough insulin.

The cells do not respond normally to insulin manner.

Both above reasons.

Type I diabetes

There are 2 main types of diabetes. The causes and risk factors are different for each type:

Type 1 diabetes can occur at any age, but is most often diagnosed in children, teenagers or young adults. In this disease, the body makes little or no insulin. This is because the cells in the pancreas that produce insulin stop working. daily insulin injections are needed. The exact cause is unknown.

Type 2 Diabetes: It is much more common. It usually occurs in adulthood but due to high rates of obesity, is now being diagnosed in children and adolescents. Some people with this type of diabetes do not know they have the disease. With type 2 diabetes, the body is resistant to insulin and does not use it as effectively as it should.

There are other causes of diabetes and some people can not be classified as Type 1 or 2.

Gestational diabetes is high levels of blood sugar that occurs at any time during pregnancy in a woman who does not have diabetes.

If one of your parents, brothers or sisters have diabetes, you may be more likely to get breast cancer.

symptoms

A high level of blood sugar can cause various symptoms, such as:

Blurry vision

excessive thirst

Fatigue

frequent urination

Hungry

Weightloss

Because type 2 diabetes develops slowly, some people with no symptoms hyperglycemia.

Symptoms of type 1 diabetes develop in a short period of time. People can be very sick by the time of diagnosis.

After many years, diabetes can lead to other serious problems. These problems are known as complications of diabetes include:

Eye problems, such as difficulty seeing (especially at night), sensitivity to light and blindness.

Ulcers and infections in the legs or feet that, left untreated, can lead to amputation of these tips.

Damage to the nerves in the body causing pain, tingling, loss of feeling, trouble digesting food and erectile dysfunction.

kidney problems, which can lead to kidney failure.

Weakened immune system, which can lead to more frequent infections.

Increased likelihood of having a heart attack or stroke (stroke).

Diabetic retinopathy

Exams and Tests

A urinalysis may show hyperglycemia. But a urine test not only diagnosed diabetes.

Your health care provider may suspect you have diabetes if your level of blood sugar is higher than 200 mg / dL. To confirm the diagnosis, should be done one or more of the following tests:

Blood tests:

Fasting blood sugar: diabetes is diagnosed if the fasting glucose level is greater than 126 mg / dL in 2 different tests. Levels between 100 and 126 mg / dL are referred to as impaired fasting glucose or prediabetes. These levels are risk factors for type 2 diabetes.

Examination of hemoglobin A1c (A1C): Normally less than 5.7%, prediabetes is between 5.7% and 6.4% and 6.5% or diabetes is higher.

Tolerance test Oral glucose diabetes is diagnosed if glucose level is higher than 200 mg / dL 2 hours after drinking a sugary drink (this test is most often used for type 2 diabetes).

Screening for type 2 diabetes in people without symptoms are recommended for:

Overweight children who have other risk factors for diabetes, from the age of 10 years and repeated every 3 years.

Overweight adults (BMI of 25 or higher) who have other risk factors.

Adults over 45 years; is repeated every 3 years.

Treatment

Type 2 diabetes can be counteracted with changes in lifestyle, especially losing weight through exercise and eating healthier foods. Some cases of type 2 diabetes can be improved with weight loss surgery.

There is no cure for type 1 diabetes.

The treatment of both type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes consists of medication, diet and exercise to control the level of blood sugar.

All people with diabetes should receive appropriate education and support on the best ways to manage your diabetes. Ask your health care provider about the possibility of consulting a diabetes nurse educator.

Achieve better control of blood sugar, cholesterol levels and blood pressure helps reduce the risk of kidney disease, eye disease, nervous system disease, heart attack and stroke.

To prevent complications of diabetes care provider visit at least two to four times a year. Tell about the problems you are having. Follow the instructions care provider about diabetes management.

Support groups

Many resources can help you understand more about diabetes. If you have this disease, you can also learn ways to manage and prevent complications.

Expectations (prognosis)

Diabetes is a disease that lasts a lifetime, for which there is no cure.

Tight control of blood glucose can prevent or delay the complications of diabetes. However, these problems can arise even in people with good control of diabetes.

Complications

After many years, diabetes can cause serious health problems:

You can have eye problems, including trouble seeing (especially at night) and sensitivity to light. It could also be blind.

Your feet and your skin can develop sores and infections. After a long time, it may be necessary to amputate the foot or leg. The infection can also cause pain and itching in other parts of the body.

You can complicate diabetes control their blood pressure and cholesterol. This can lead to heart attack, stroke and other problems. Blood flow to the legs and feet may become more difficult.

The nerves in your body can be damaged, causing pain, tingling and numbness.

Due to nerve damage, you may have trouble digesting the food you eat. You may feel weak or have trouble going to the bathroom. The nerve damage can cause men have trouble getting an erection.

A high level of blood sugar and other problems can lead to kidney damage. Your kidneys may not work as well as they used to. They may even stop working so you would need dialysis or a kidney transplant.

Prevention  click here for more information:

Maintaining an ideal body weight and an active lifestyle can prevent or delay the onset of type 2 diabetes some medicines to delay or prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes may also be used.

At present, type 1 diabetes can not be prevented. However, there are promising research showing that Type 1 diabetes can be delayed in some people at high risk.

Prevented